Wednesday, October 3, 2012

Classification of Penicillin with source and function


Classification of Penicillin

According to the source :
A)     Natural penicillin
Oral: (1) Phenoxy-methyl-penicillin ( Penicillin- v), (2) Phenethicillin
penicillin
Parenteral : Benzyl penicillin ( Penicillin-G ).
B)      Semisynthetic  penicillin (β-lactamase resistance)
1)      Narrow spectrum penicillin ( penicillinase resistance ):
Oxacillin ,Cloxacillin, Flucloxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Nafcillin, Methicillin
2)      Broad spectrum penicillin :
a)      Penicillin which are active against both Gram (+ve) and Gram (-ve) bacteria and also effective apart from the organism  (H. influenza, E.coli) sensitive to penicillin-G:
Ampicillin, Amoxacillin, Hetacillin.
b)      Penicillin having borader actions than the above group :
Carbenicillin, Tricarcillin, Azlocillin
c)       Newer penicillin :
Mezlocillin, Pivmecillin, Piperacillin .
According to the duration of action :
1)      Short acting penicillin (4-6 hours) : most of the penicillin:
Ampicillin, Amoxacillin , Penicillin-V, Penicillin-G, Hetacillin, Carbenicillin, Tricarcillin , Azlocillin, Mezlocillin, Piperacillin.
2)      Long acting penicillin :
Benzyl penicillin (7-30 days ), Benethamine penicillin (2-3 days), Procaine penicillin (12-24hours)      

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